Obesity is a complex disease involving an excessive amount of body fat that increases the risk of other health problems. Obesity occurs when a person's body mass index (BMI) is 30 or higher. BMI is calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by height in meters squared. A BMI between 25 and 29.9 is considered overweight.
What causes obesity? Obesity typically results from a combination of causes and risk factors, including:
- Genetics. Your genes may affect the amount of body fat you store and where that fat is distributed. Genetics may also play a role in how efficiently your body converts food into energy, how your body regulates your appetite and how your body burns calories during exercise.
- Lifestyle choices. An unhealthy diet and lack of exercise are common causes of obesity. Eating high amounts of processed foods that are high in fat, added sugar and calories can increase your risk. Not exercising or having an inactive lifestyle also contributes to weight gain.
- Diseases and medications. Certain diseases, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, can affect hormone levels and make weight loss more difficult. Some medications, including antidepressants, seizure medications, diabetes medications and steroids, may increase appetite or lead to fluid retention.
- Social and economic issues. Social and economic issues may increase risk factors, such as lack of access to healthy foods and safe areas for physical activity.
What are the health risks associated with obesity? Carrying excess weight can negatively impact many body systems and increase the risk of developing serious diseases, including:
- Heart disease and strokes - Diabetes - Cancer, including breast, colon, uterus, esophagus, kidney and gallbladder - High blood pressure - High cholesterol and triglycerides - Liver and gallbladder disease - Sleep apnea and respiratory problems - Osteoarthritis - infertility and irregular periods
Treating obesity often requires a multidisciplinary approach, including lifestyle modifications, medications and possibly weight loss surgery. Losing just 5-10% of your body weight can provide meaningful health benefits, so even moderate weight loss can be helpful.
Here are some tips that may aid in weight loss:
- Follow a healthy eating plan that focuses on nutrient-dense whole foods like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean protein and healthy fats. Avoid processed foods. - Get regular physical activity - aim for 150 minutes per week. Start slow if needed. - Drink water instead of sugary drinks. - Eat mindfully and listen to hunger cues. Stop eating when full. - Get enough sleep and manage stress. - Consider seeking professional help from a physician, dietitian or counselor. Medications or weight loss surgery may be options.
The physicians at Balance Hormone Center specialize in customized weight loss programs involving hormone optimization, nutrition planning and lifestyle changes. Contact us today to learn more about our effective medical weight loss plans. We're here to help you achieve sustainable results.